For example I asked:
Explain how steroids work
Response:
Critiques:
- First and foremost, nobody really knows how muscle really works. The concept of small tears leading to muscular growth is just the theory, not definitive proof.
Steroids, specifically anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), are synthetic derivatives of the male hormone testosterone. They promote muscle growth (anabolic effects) and the development of male sexual characteristics (androgenic effects). Here’s a brief overview of how they work:
- Muscle Building: When you exercise, particularly weightlifting or resistance training, you create small tears in your muscles. When these tears repair, they grow back stronger, resulting in muscle growth. Steroids accelerate this process by:
- Increasing nitrogen retention in muscles. A positive nitrogen balance indicates an anabolic state which promotes muscle growth.
- Boosting protein synthesis. Steroids help the body to produce more protein, which is a building block for muscle tissues.
- Reducing cortisol levels. Cortisol is a stress hormone that can break down muscles. By reducing its levels, steroids prevent muscle breakdown.
- Increased Red Blood Cell Production: Steroids can increase the production of red blood cells, which can improve muscle oxygenation, thereby enhancing stamina and performance.
- Bone Density: Steroids can increase bone production and bone density, which is why they are sometimes prescribed medically for conditions like osteoporosis.
- Fat Reduction: Some steroids have the ability to oxidize fat, a process called lipid oxidation. This can lead to reductions in body fat.
- Androgenic Effects: Steroids can cause the development or enhancement of male characteristics such as facial hair, a deepened voice, and increased libido.
- Feedback Loop in Endocrine System: Testosterone production in the body operates on a feedback loop. When the body senses high levels of testosterone (or its derivatives from steroids), it signals the testes to reduce its production. This is why prolonged steroid use can lead to shrunken testicles or decreased natural testosterone production.
It’s crucial to note that while steroids have performance-enhancing capabilities, their use can lead to severe side effects, both physical and psychological. These can include liver damage, cardiovascular problems, reduced fertility, mood swings, and more. Hence, many sports organizations have banned their use.