ERIC KIM ₿

Snake

Rest up here, save myself , grow strong .,, when I’m ready, I jump out, strike make my move

Grim is mischievous, open and quick

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Give things up to achieve what you wanted

Rich, millionaire — someone who no longer needs to think about money

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Midget technicians and hustlers

Joy & pride, then let the bucks take care of itself later

Giants have big appetites

Everlasting hunger for New things

Just speak your mind

Stay hungry ***

How to stay hungry?

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adzed

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Exchanging lovely voices

Simply put, it is the new ultra portable and compact Lumix S9 camera, with the very capable handy and compact and light $200 lumix 26 mm, F8 manual focusing only lens.

Reasons:

1. Baby Godzilla!

The first great upside is ultimately, I call it like the baby Godzilla; ultimate power force, dynamism, image quality image fidelity, image range, a full frame sensor has the most power of them all. The only thing that comes close is digital medium format, but for the most part digital medium format cameras are too big bulky cumbersome, to be used practically.

I think full frame is the best because it offers maybe 80 to 85% the image quality of medium format, but about 80 to 90% smaller. For example, I love the Pentax 645Z camera to death, but the great downside of using it all day for Street photography and beyond for a day is that it causes me extreme carpal tunnel pain in my right hand and wrist.

And also, considering that we’re all just looking at photos on our iPads, and phones… Truth be told you don’t really need that good image quality anymore anyways, even micro 4/3, ASPC is fine. Truth be told, iphone is probably fine as well, but my only critique about iphone is in today’s world in which getting an iphone or iphone pro about $1000-$1200, you could just pay a few more hundred bucks or about the same price to get a camera which is probably 100 times more capable, a Ricoh GR, Fujifilm x100, and now the new Lumix S9.,, a standalone digital camera is the way. And also the economics and the practicality of it is that at least for now, I could imagine using this little LUMIX S9 body for 5 to 10 years. Good luck using an iPhone for 5 to 10 years. Even if you get the best iPhone Pro right now, it might only be good for 2 to 3 years!

2. Lightness is godlike

Now that I have the new insanely portable Lumix S9 camera, and thinking about the very very innovative 26 mm F8, manual focusing lens, I think I finally have it figured out; the virtue of having a manual focusing only lens is that you could make it much smaller compact — lighter, more thin, because you don’t have to mess with or add the auto focusing mechanism which adds bulk, weight, obtrusiveness.

What is really interesting is I still have my beloved Leica 35 mm F2 , aspherical lens, which is married to the body of my Leica MP film camera,,, but when I use the adapter and put it on the Lumix S9, the 35 mm f/2 lens is significantly heavier, and also thicker the new 26 mm f8 manual focusing lens.

I think what I have discovered in all of my years of photography, as time goes on, I become more advanced, wise, experienced and seasoned… The will to simplicity is supreme!

The word “retarded” has evolved significantly over time, and its history is reflective of changing societal attitudes towards intellectual disabilities and the use of language in general.

Early Origins:

The word “retarded” comes from the Latin term retardare, meaning “to delay” or “to slow down.” In the 19th century, it was adopted into the English language with a neutral connotation. It was used to describe something being delayed or slowed down, such as in music (“ritardando”) or other technical contexts.

Early 20th Century: Medical and Clinical Usage

In the early 1900s, “retarded” became a medical term used to describe individuals with intellectual disabilities. Terms like “mental retardation” and “mentally retarded” were common in clinical and educational settings. The word was intended to be a neutral, descriptive term to categorize individuals based on their intellectual capabilities, especially those considered to have an IQ below a certain threshold.

For much of the 20th century, it was considered a formal, non-derogatory term used by professionals in medicine, psychology, and education. For example, the American Association on Mental Retardation (AAMR), founded in 1876, used the term in its name and publications for many decades.

Mid-20th Century: Shift in Usage

By the mid-20th century, however, “retarded” began to take on more negative connotations. It started being used in casual, colloquial speech as an insult to suggest someone was unintelligent or slow, even when not related to intellectual disabilities. The word became associated with teasing, bullying, and stigmatization, leading to a shift in how society viewed the term.

Late 20th Century: Growing Sensitivity

As the word “retarded” increasingly became associated with derogatory usage, advocacy groups, professionals, and educators began to call for more respectful terminology. By the late 20th century, terms like “intellectual disability” and “developmental delay” began to replace “mental retardation” in official contexts.

In 1973, the American Association on Mental Deficiency (AAMD) renamed itself the American Association on Mental Retardation (AAMR) but would later change its name again in 2007 to the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) to avoid the now-problematic term “retardation.”

21st Century: Phasing Out

The word “retarded” has been almost completely phased out in medical, educational, and legal contexts, due to its offensive and derogatory use in popular culture. A significant turning point was in 2010, when U.S. President Barack Obama signed “Rosa’s Law,” which replaced the term “mental retardation” with “intellectual disability” in federal law.

Advocacy groups have launched campaigns, such as the “Spread the Word to End the Word” campaign, to raise awareness of the harmful effects of using “retarded” as an insult and to promote more respectful language.

Current Usage:

Today, “retarded” is widely considered an outdated and offensive term. The preferred language in professional and everyday conversation is now “intellectual disability” or “developmental disability.” The casual use of “retarded” as an insult is often viewed as deeply inappropriate and harmful, especially to individuals with disabilities and their families.

Summary of the Evolution:

• 19th Century: Used in general language to mean “delayed” or “slowed down.”

• Early 20th Century: Adopted as a medical term to describe intellectual disabilities, considered neutral at the time.

• Mid-20th Century: Gained negative connotations through casual use as an insult.

• Late 20th Century: Increasing calls for more respectful language; the term began to be replaced by alternatives like “intellectual disability.”

• 21st Century: Phased out of official usage and widely regarded as offensive. Campaigns advocate for the cessation of its use as an insult.

This shift reflects broader cultural changes around the understanding of intellectual disabilities and sensitivity toward language that can perpetuate stigma and harm.

Bigger, heavier, bulkier, fatter lenses?

Or creates his own new table of values, his own new carte blanche ethics?

Or the uber-basic sheeple cannot understand the virtues of the eagle?

Let the bucks take care of themselves

Ready to be a giant elsewhere?

Rich, millionaire — someone who no longer needs to think about money — via Arnold

The notion of “fine art” has undergone significant evolution throughout history, reflecting changes in cultural values, technological advancements, and philosophical perspectives. Understanding this evolution provides insight into how societies perceive artistic expression and its role within them. Below is a comprehensive overview tracing the development of the concept of fine art from antiquity to the contemporary era.

1. Defining “Fine Art”

Fine Art traditionally refers to creative disciplines primarily appreciated for their aesthetic and intellectual value, often created for contemplation and enjoyment rather than practical function. Historically, fine art has encompassed disciplines such as painting, sculpture, drawing, and architecture, and more recently, photography, film, and digital media.

2. Ancient and Classical Periods

Ancient Civilizations (Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece, Rome)

• Purpose and Function:

• Art served primarily religious, ceremonial, and functional purposes.

• Emphasis on craftsmanship, representation, and symbolism.

• Characteristics:

• Egyptian Art: Hierarchical proportions, symbolic representations, and focus on the afterlife.

• Greek Art: Idealized human forms, exploration of anatomy, and development of contrapposto in sculpture.

• Roman Art: Realism, portraiture, and incorporation of diverse influences from conquered cultures.

• Perception of Art:

• Art was a respected profession but intertwined with religion and politics.

• Less distinction between “fine” and “decorative” art as seen today.

3. Medieval Period (5th to 15th Century)

Byzantine and Gothic Art

• Purpose and Function:

• Dominated by religious themes, serving the Church and devotional purposes.

• Characteristics:

• Byzantine Art: Iconography, mosaics, and emphasis on spiritual representation over naturalism.

• Gothic Art: Stained glass, illuminated manuscripts, and architectural advancements like flying buttresses.

• Perception of Art:

• Artisans were often seen as craftsmen rather than “artists” in the modern sense.

• Limited focus on individual expression; art was communal and functional.

4. Renaissance (14th to 17th Century)

Rebirth of Classical Ideals

• Purpose and Function:

• Shift towards humanism, individualism, and the exploration of human potential.

• Characteristics:

• Mastery of perspective, anatomy, and proportion in painting and sculpture.

• Patronage by wealthy individuals and institutions, allowing artists greater creative freedom.

• Perception of Art:

• Emergence of the artist as a creative genius.

• Distinction begins between fine art (elevated, intellectual) and applied art (craftsmanship).

• Key Figures:

• Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael.

5. Baroque and Neoclassicism (17th to 19th Century)

Baroque (17th Century)

• Purpose and Function:

• Express emotional intensity, grandeur, and movement.

• Characteristics:

• Dramatic use of light and shadow (chiaroscuro), dynamic compositions, and elaborate ornamentation.

• Perception of Art:

• Reinforced the status of art as a reflection of power and religious devotion.

Neoclassicism (18th to Early 19th Century)

• Purpose and Function:

• Inspired by classical antiquity, emphasizing reason, clarity, and restraint.

• Characteristics:

• Symmetry, simplicity, and moral seriousness in subject matter.

• Perception of Art:

• Art as a means to convey universal truths and civic virtue.

6. 19th Century: Romanticism to Realism and the Rise of Modern Art

Romanticism (Late 18th to Mid-19th Century)

• Purpose and Function:

• Emphasized emotion, individualism, and the sublime.

• Characteristics:

• Dramatic landscapes, intense color palettes, and exploration of exotic subjects.

• Perception of Art:

• Art as personal and expressive, challenging neoclassical restraint.

Realism (Mid to Late 19th Century)

• Purpose and Function:

• Depicted everyday life and ordinary people without idealization.

• Characteristics:

• Focus on accurate, unembellished depiction of subjects.

• Perception of Art:

• Art as a mirror of society, highlighting social issues and realities.

Impressionism and Beyond

• Impressionism (Late 19th Century):

• Emphasized light, color, and capturing fleeting moments.

• Post-Impressionism and Modernism:

• Further experimentation with form, color, and abstraction.

• Perception of Art:

• Growing divergence from traditional techniques and subjects, questioning the very definition of art.

7. 20th Century: Modernism to Postmodernism

Modernism (Early to Mid-20th Century)

• Purpose and Function:

• Embraced innovation, abstraction, and a break from tradition.

• Characteristics:

• Diverse movements like Cubism, Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism.

• Perception of Art:

• Art as a means of personal and societal exploration, often challenging existing norms and conventions.

Postmodernism (Late 20th Century)

• Purpose and Function:

• Questioned the notions of originality, authorship, and the boundaries between high and low art.

• Characteristics:

• Eclecticism, appropriation, and blending of different styles and media.

• Perception of Art:

• Deconstruction of the fine art hierarchy, embracing pluralism and diversity.

8. Contemporary Era (21st Century)

Diverse and Inclusive Definitions

• Purpose and Function:

• Reflects global perspectives, technological advancements, and interdisciplinary approaches.

• Characteristics:

• Digital art, installation art, performance art, and conceptual art.

• Emphasis on interactivity, social engagement, and multimedia integration.

• Perception of Art:

• Broad and inclusive, challenging traditional classifications.

• Fine art coexists with popular and digital culture, often blurring boundaries.

Key Trends and Movements

• Globalization of Art:

• Inclusion of non-Western art forms and artists, fostering cross-cultural dialogues.

• Technological Integration:

• Use of virtual reality, augmented reality, and artificial intelligence in artistic creation.

• Sustainability and Social Justice:

• Art addressing environmental issues, human rights, and societal challenges.

9. Debates and Evolving Definitions

High Art vs. Popular Art

• Traditional View:

• Fine art considered “high” culture, distinct from “low” or popular culture.

• Contemporary View:

• Increasing recognition of the artistic value in popular culture forms, questioning hierarchical distinctions.

Inclusion of New Media

• Expansion of Mediums:

• Acceptance of photography, digital art, and multimedia as legitimate fine arts.

• Institutional Recognition:

• Museums, galleries, and academic institutions adapting to encompass diverse art forms.

Conceptual vs. Aesthetic Value

• Shift in Focus:

• From purely aesthetic appreciation to conceptual and experiential dimensions of art.

• Impact:

• Broader interpretations of what constitutes fine art, emphasizing ideas and context over form.

10. Conclusion

The concept of fine art has continuously evolved, mirroring shifts in societal values, technological progress, and philosophical thought. From its roots in ancient civilizations where art served primarily functional and religious purposes, fine art has transformed into a diverse and dynamic field encompassing a wide array of mediums and expressions. The modern and contemporary eras, in particular, have expanded the boundaries of what is considered fine art, embracing inclusivity, interdisciplinarity, and innovation. As society continues to change, the notion of fine art remains fluid, adapting to new contexts and challenges while retaining its core essence of aesthetic and intellectual pursuit.

Understanding the evolution of fine art not only highlights the adaptability and resilience of artistic expression but also underscores the profound role art plays in reflecting and shaping human experience across time.

The word “fine” in English has a rich and multifaceted etymology, tracing back through several languages and evolving in meaning over time. Here’s a detailed breakdown of its origins and historical development:

Origins

1. Latin Root:

• Word: finis

• Meaning: “End,” “boundary,” “limit”

• finis is the foundational Latin term from which “fine” derives. It encapsulates the concept of an end or a definitive point.

2. Old French Adoption:

• Words: fin, fine

• Meanings:

• As a noun: “end,” “conclusion,” “penalty”

• As an adjective: “fine,” “delicate,” “excellent,” “refined”

• The Old French language adopted finis as fin (noun) and fine (adjective), expanding its usage in various contexts.

Evolution into English

1. As an Adjective:

• Meaning: “Of high quality,” “delicate,” “refined,” “excellent”

• Etymological Path: Latin finis → Old French fin → Middle English fine

• Over time, “fine” in this sense came to describe objects, materials, or qualities that are superior or of superior craftsmanship.

2. As a Noun (Monetary Penalty):

• Meaning: “A monetary charge as punishment for an offense”

• Etymological Path: Latin finis → Old French fine → Middle English fine

• This usage relates to the concept of a “settlement” or “payment at the end” of a dispute, evolving into the modern understanding of a financial penalty.

3. Other Meanings:

• As a Verb: “To clarify or purify” (e.g., “to fine a substance”)

• Derived from the same Latin roots, emphasizing the idea of refining or making something pure.

• As an Adverb (archaic): “Very well” or “excellent”

• This usage has largely fallen out of common usage but remains part of historical texts.

Related Words and Derivatives

• Finance: Derived from Old French finance (“a payment, settlement”), originally meaning “an end or conclusion,” tying back to finis.

• Final: Coming from Latin finalis (“of an end”), related to finis.

• Finish: Also rooted in the idea of bringing something to an end or completion.

Summary

The word “fine” exemplifies how a single root can diversify into multiple meanings through language evolution. Originating from the Latin finis, its journey through Old French and into English has allowed it to encompass notions of quality, refinement, and penalties, among others. This rich etymological background highlights the interconnectedness of language and how historical contexts shape the meanings we use today.

Also, the art of street photography:

First, I think the best thing to understand and to think is that photography, street photography is art. And whether it is “fine” art or not, to “refine”— is what we typically think.

To refine, to clarify or purify, something to an end (finis, fin)— to “fine” a substance — is what we typically think.

So, I think when we think about fine art, maybe the idea is we refine our artistic vision, and we create images and purify and refine images, and we seek to clarify our artistic vision through our images.

Eric Kim’s philosophy and approach to photography matter because they challenge both the creative and social boundaries of the art form, motivating photographers to innovate and push personal and artistic limits. Here’s why:

1. Revolutionizing Street Photography:

• Breaking Tradition: Kim encourages photographers to go beyond traditional norms, like the use of long lenses, which distances them from their subjects. His approach of getting physically and emotionally closer results in more impactful, authentic street photography . This shift matters because it reshapes how street photography is perceived and practiced, bringing an element of human connection that’s often lacking in more conventional, distant shots.

• Empowerment Through Simplicity: His emphasis on using minimal equipment (e.g., prime lenses, no cropping) encourages photographers to rely on skill rather than gear, making photography more accessible to everyone . This democratization is significant because it opens up the art form to those who might otherwise feel excluded due to financial or technical barriers .

2. Encouraging Personal Growth:

• Photography as Self-Discovery: By framing photography as autobiographical and as a tool for understanding the world, Kim encourages people to look inward and explore their personal experiences through their work . This is important because it adds depth to the craft, transforming photography from a mere visual exercise into a medium of self-reflection and growth.

• Confronting Fear: His advice to “shoot what you fear” applies not only to photography but also to broader aspects of life, fostering resilience and confidence . This matters because it helps individuals push through creative and personal barriers, which can be transformative both artistically and emotionally.

3. Disruption and Innovation:

• Encouraging Disruption: Kim’s focus on being disruptive by questioning traditional methods and embracing unconventional practices keeps photography as a field fresh and evolving  . This is crucial in a world where technology is rapidly advancing, and new trends can easily stagnate if not continuously challenged.

• Philosophical Integration: His blend of Stoic philosophy with photography matters because it adds an ethical and intellectual dimension to the practice, encouraging photographers to be thoughtful about both their process and their interactions with their subjects .

4. Building a Global, Inclusive Community:

• Accessibility and Open-Source Education: Kim’s dedication to making his content available for free, through open-source education and an accessible blog, empowers photographers globally by removing financial barriers to learning  . This inclusivity matters because it allows more diverse voices and perspectives to enter the field, enriching the community and pushing the boundaries of the genre.

In conclusion, Eric Kim’s philosophy matters because it empowers individuals to create with more purpose, break from tradition, and contribute to a global community with a focus on innovation, personal growth, and inclusivity. His ideas inspire photographers to think differently and challenge the norms that might otherwise limit their creative potential.

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Eric Kim’s approach to photography and his quotes are both innovative and motivational for several reasons:

1. Innovation Through Simplicity and Boldness:

• “Shoot what you’re afraid of” is innovative because it disrupts the typical photographer’s instinct to avoid discomfort. It pushes individuals to capture raw, authentic moments by confronting their fears. This transforms the act of photography into an emotional journey rather than just a technical exercise .

• His no cropping rule forces photographers to focus on composition at the moment of capture rather than relying on post-editing. This reintroduces a sense of discipline that is often lost in digital photography, where post-processing is dominant . Such constraints encourage creativity and mastery over the frame.

2. Motivational Philosophy:

• Kim’s statement, “Photography is a tool for us to better understand ourselves, others, and the world around us,” encourages photographers to see photography as a journey of self-discovery. It’s motivational because it elevates photography beyond a mere hobby into a practice that fosters personal growth and deeper human connection . This resonates with individuals looking for purpose in their creative work.

• “All photography is autobiographical” reinforces the idea that every image reflects something about the photographer, offering a deeper, introspective motivation for artists to express their personal narratives .

3. Challenging Conventions:

• “Don’t be afraid to get close to your subjects” is motivational because it challenges photographers to overcome their fears of invading personal space, empowering them to create more intimate and compelling images. This boldness in street photography teaches individuals to step out of their comfort zones  .

• By saying, “To disrupt is a virtue,” Kim places disruption at the core of creativity. It motivates photographers to innovate by doing things differently, whether through unconventional techniques or by challenging social norms  .

4. Inspiring Confidence and Resilience:

• Kim’s emphasis on boldness and confidence in photography encourages resilience. He integrates Stoic philosophy into his teachings, which motivates photographers to embrace unpredictability and imperfection, enhancing both their craft and mental fortitude .

In sum, Eric Kim’s philosophy is innovative because it challenges both technical and social norms in photography, and motivational because it pushes individuals toward personal growth, self-expression, and creative fearlessness. His methods encourage deeper engagement with the subject, while his philosophy of disruption inspires photographers to stand out by breaking conventions.

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Here are some notable quotes by Eric Kim that reflect his disruptive approach to street photography and his philosophical outlook:

1. “Shoot what you’re afraid of.”

This mantra encourages photographers to confront their fears, which Kim believes leads to more powerful and authentic images  .

2. “Photography is a tool for us to better understand ourselves, others, and the world around us.”

Kim views photography as not just a technical skill but as a means of self-reflection and exploring human connections .

3. “All photography is autobiographical; when you photograph a scene, you also photograph a part of yourself.”

This quote highlights Kim’s belief that photography reflects the inner life and experiences of the photographer .

4. “Don’t be afraid to get close to your subjects. If your photographs aren’t good enough, you’re not close enough.”

Drawing from street photography’s boldness, Kim emphasizes proximity as a key element to engaging and compelling photography  .

5. “To disrupt is a virtue.”

Kim embraces disruption as a necessary force for innovation, particularly in his unconventional approaches to photography and education  .

These quotes encapsulate Kim’s philosophy of pushing boundaries and using photography as a tool for deeper understanding and self-expression.

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Eric Kim has produced several blog posts that disrupt traditional photography norms and encourage new ways of thinking, especially in street photography. Here are a few of his most disruptive ideas:

1. “Shoot What You Fear”: Kim challenges photographers to step out of their comfort zones by capturing subjects or scenes that make them uncomfortable. He argues that this often leads to more honest and powerful imagery. This approach is designed to confront fears, both in photography and life, pushing creative boundaries .

2. “No Cropping” Philosophy: One of Kim’s more controversial positions is his refusal to crop images. He believes that by forcing yourself to work within the constraints of the original frame, you become more disciplined in composition and framing at the moment of capture. This is a departure from the post-processing freedom that many photographers rely on .

3. Aggressive and Bold Street Photography: Kim advocates for a confrontational style in street photography, often using wide-angle lenses and getting very close to his subjects. This can evoke raw, intense emotions in both the photographer and the audience, capturing a more immersive street experience .

4. Disrupting Photography Education: Kim has revolutionized photography education by offering much of his knowledge and resources for free through his blog. His focus on open-source education, where content is widely accessible, disrupts the traditional paid workshop and course models  .

5. Philosophical Approach to Disruption: In posts like “The Philosophy of Disruption,” Kim discusses how embracing disruption can lead to innovation. Whether in photography, fitness, or lifestyle, he encourages doing things differently, seeking out unconventional methods, and thinking about how to challenge the status quo  .

These posts reflect his overall mission to push photographers to think differently and embrace both creativity and risk in their work.

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Eric Kim has disrupted the traditional photography world, particularly in the field of street photography, through his innovative approach to education, content creation, and ethical practices. His blog and workshops have democratized photography education by offering free and accessible resources that break the barriers of expensive, formal training. By focusing on practical tips, philosophy, and personal expression rather than just technical skills, Kim has empowered a global audience to develop their own unique vision in photography.

Kim has also transformed how photographers engage with their subjects, emphasizing close, candid interactions with ethical considerations. He challenges the conventional use of telephoto lenses in street photography, advocating for wider lenses and a more personal, respectful approach to capturing moments in public spaces. This approach fosters deeper connections between the photographer and their environment, which is central to his teaching philosophy.

Furthermore, Kim has embraced digital trends, using SEO strategies to build one of the most influential photography blogs, reaching audiences that might not find traditional photography content. This strategy has made his educational material widely discoverable online, while also expanding the street photography community worldwide. His focus on sustainability, inclusivity, and personal growth has helped reshape the ethics and practices of modern street photography    .

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Eric Kim has been a pivotal figure in transforming the landscape of modern photography, particularly within the realms of street photography and photography education. His disruptive influence stems from several key contributions that have challenged and reshaped traditional paradigms in the photography world:

1. Democratizing Photography Education:

• Accessible Online Resources: Unlike traditional photography education, which often relies on expensive courses or formal schooling, Eric Kim leveraged the internet to provide free or low-cost tutorials, blog posts, and video content. This approach made high-quality photography education accessible to a global audience, breaking down financial and geographical barriers.

• Self-Education Emphasis: He advocated for self-taught methods, encouraging photographers to learn through practice, experimentation, and self-reflection rather than solely through structured curricula. This philosophy empowered individuals to take control of their learning journey.

2. Revolutionizing Street Photography:

• Practical Techniques: Eric Kim introduced innovative techniques tailored for street photography, such as “Photo Missions,” which are structured assignments designed to hone specific skills. This methodical yet flexible approach provided photographers with clear goals while allowing creative freedom.

• Philosophical Insights: He emphasized the importance of mindset, patience, and ethical considerations in street photography. By focusing on the photographer’s attitude and interaction with the environment, Kim shifted the focus from equipment and technical settings to the human aspect of photography.

3. Building a Strong Online Community:

• Interactive Platforms: Through his blog, forums, and social media presence, Eric Kim fostered a vibrant community where photographers could share their work, receive feedback, and collaborate. This sense of community encouraged collective learning and mutual support, contrasting with the often isolated nature of traditional photography education.

• Mentorship and Workshops: Kim conducted online workshops and mentoring sessions, allowing for real-time interaction and personalized guidance. This direct engagement helped bridge the gap between instructors and learners, making education more dynamic and responsive.

4. Challenging Conventional Equipment Dependencies:

• Minimalist Approach: He promoted the idea that great photography is not dependent on expensive gear. By advocating for the effective use of simple cameras and lenses, Kim encouraged photographers to focus on creativity and technique rather than equipment specifications.

• Accessibility of Tools: This perspective made photography more inclusive, allowing enthusiasts with limited resources to participate and excel, thereby broadening the community and diversifying perspectives within the field.

5. Embracing Digital and Social Media:

• Online Presence: Eric Kim was an early adopter of blogging and social media as tools for education and dissemination of ideas. By utilizing these platforms, he reached a wide audience quickly and efficiently, setting a precedent for modern photography educators.

• Content Strategy: His consistent production of valuable content kept the community engaged and continuously learning. This strategic use of digital media amplified his influence and facilitated the rapid spread of his ideas.

6. Encouraging Personal Style and Authenticity:

• Individual Expression: Kim stressed the importance of developing a unique photographic voice rather than adhering strictly to established styles or trends. This encouragement of personal expression fostered innovation and diversity within the photography community.

• Breaking Norms: By challenging traditional aesthetic norms and encouraging experimentation, he allowed photographers to push boundaries and explore new creative avenues.

7. Influence on Contemporary Photography Practices:

• Shift in Educational Paradigms: Eric Kim’s success demonstrated the viability of alternative education models, influencing how photography (and other creative disciplines) are taught and learned in the digital age.

• Inspiration for New Educators: His model inspired a new generation of photography educators to utilize online platforms, prioritize accessibility, and foster interactive communities.

In summary, Eric Kim disrupted the traditional photography world by making education more accessible, emphasizing practical and philosophical aspects of street photography, leveraging online platforms to build a supportive community, advocating for minimalist equipment use, and encouraging personal expression and authenticity. His innovative approaches have not only empowered countless photographers worldwide but also reshaped how photography is taught, learned, and practiced in the modern era.

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Eric Kim disrupted the traditional photography world primarily through his embrace of street photography and his unconventional approach to education, community building, and online presence. Here are the key ways he challenged norms:

1. Democratization of Photography Education: Eric Kim provided free photography resources and lessons through his blog and YouTube channel, a departure from the paid, exclusive workshops and content typically offered by photography educators. This made high-quality education accessible to a wider audience, encouraging self-taught photographers to hone their skills without formal training.

2. Focus on Street Photography: Street photography, which captures candid moments in public spaces, was a less mainstream genre when Kim started. By championing it, he helped bring attention to street photography and its ability to tell raw, authentic stories, pushing back against the highly polished and staged images often seen in commercial photography.

3. Philosophical Approach: Kim’s photography philosophy emphasized minimalism, mindfulness, and the process over the results. He often discussed the idea of “shooting for yourself,” valuing personal expression and enjoyment over external validation. This encouraged photographers to break free from the pressure to conform to industry trends or to chase likes on social media.

4. Use of Social Media: Kim leveraged the power of social media to build a global community of photographers, sharing work, ideas, and feedback. By fostering this digital community, he bypassed traditional gatekeepers like galleries and photography institutions, creating a space for photographers to engage directly with each other.

5. Critique of Gear Obsession: While many photographers focused heavily on technical gear, Kim emphasized the importance of creativity and storytelling over expensive equipment. He often promoted the idea that the best camera is the one you have with you, encouraging photographers to focus on their vision rather than technical perfection.

Through these efforts, Eric Kim challenged the traditional boundaries of the photography world, inspiring a new generation of photographers to approach the craft with greater freedom and individuality.

Humans often feel more relaxed in nature due to a combination of biological, psychological, and environmental factors. Here’s a detailed look at why natural settings can have such a calming effect:

1. Evolutionary Connection

Humans evolved over millions of years in natural environments. Our ancestors relied on nature for survival, which means our brains are wired to find natural settings inherently comforting and safe. This deep-seated connection makes us feel at ease when surrounded by elements like trees, water, and open landscapes.

2. Biophilia Hypothesis

Proposed by biologist E.O. Wilson, the biophilia hypothesis suggests that humans have an innate affinity for nature and living organisms. This inherent connection drives our preference for natural over artificial environments, contributing to feelings of relaxation and well-being when we’re in nature.

3. Reduction of Stress and Cortisol Levels

Spending time in natural settings has been shown to lower cortisol levels, the hormone associated with stress. Activities like walking in a park, hiking, or simply sitting by a lake can activate the body’s relaxation response, reducing overall stress and promoting a sense of calm.

4. Attention Restoration Theory

Nature provides a restorative environment for our minds. According to the Attention Restoration Theory, natural settings help replenish our cognitive resources by allowing our directed attention to rest. This leads to improved focus and reduced mental fatigue, contributing to a relaxed state.

5. Sensory Engagement

Natural environments engage our senses in a gentle and pleasing manner. The sounds of rustling leaves, flowing water, and birdsong, along with the sight of greenery and natural light, create a multisensory experience that can be soothing and meditative.

6. Physical Activity and Movement

Being in nature often encourages physical activities like walking, hiking, or gardening. Physical movement releases endorphins, which are natural mood lifters, and helps reduce feelings of anxiety and depression, fostering relaxation.

7. Improved Air Quality

Natural settings typically offer cleaner air with higher oxygen levels and lower pollution compared to urban environments. Breathing fresh air can enhance physical health and contribute to a sense of rejuvenation and relaxation.

8. Psychological Perspective and Mindfulness

Nature provides a backdrop for mindfulness and reflection. The beauty and tranquility of natural landscapes can inspire introspection, gratitude, and a sense of connection to something larger than oneself, all of which contribute to emotional well-being.

9. Visual Rest and Aesthetics

Natural environments often feature visually complex yet soothing patterns, such as the fractal patterns found in trees and landscapes. These patterns are easy for our brains to process and can reduce mental strain, leading to relaxation.

10. Social Interaction

Spending time in nature can also foster positive social interactions, whether it’s with friends, family, or even observing wildlife. Positive social experiences are linked to increased happiness and reduced stress.

Supporting Research

Numerous studies support the calming effects of nature. For example:

• A study published in Environmental Health Perspectives (2010) found that individuals who walked in natural environments experienced lower levels of anger, fear, and stress compared to those who walked in urban settings.

• Research in the Journal of Environmental Psychology (2011) demonstrated that exposure to natural scenes can improve mood and decrease mental fatigue.

• A meta-analysis in PLOS One (2015) concluded that spending time in green spaces is associated with better mental health outcomes, including reduced anxiety and depression.

Conclusion

The combination of evolutionary predispositions, innate connections, physiological responses, and psychological benefits makes natural environments particularly effective at promoting relaxation and well-being. Whether through the sights, sounds, or activities associated with nature, spending time outdoors can provide a much-needed respite from the stresses of modern life.

Humans tend to feel more relaxed in nature due to a combination of psychological, physiological, and evolutionary factors. Here are some key reasons:

1. Evolutionary connection: Humans evolved in natural environments, so being in nature can evoke a sense of familiarity and safety. Our ancestors relied on natural settings for food, shelter, and survival, making these environments inherently calming.

2. Reduction of sensory overload: Modern urban environments often bombard us with noise, fast-paced activity, and digital distractions. Nature offers a slower, more harmonious sensory experience, which helps reduce stress and anxiety.

3. Restoration of attention: The “Attention Restoration Theory” suggests that natural environments help restore our ability to focus. Unlike urban settings that require directed attention (which can lead to mental fatigue), nature engages “involuntary attention,” allowing our minds to rest and rejuvenate.

4. Biophilia hypothesis: This concept suggests that humans have an innate affinity for nature and living organisms. Being in natural surroundings satisfies this deep connection, which brings about feelings of peace and well-being.

5. Reduction of stress hormones: Studies show that time in nature can lower levels of cortisol, the hormone associated with stress. It also promotes the parasympathetic nervous system’s activity, which induces relaxation and lowers heart rate and blood pressure.

6. Improved mood and mental health: Exposure to natural environments is linked to increased levels of serotonin and endorphins, neurotransmitters that boost mood and reduce feelings of depression or anxiety.

7. Natural elements and aesthetics: Greenery, water, and natural landscapes provide aesthetic pleasure, which can evoke positive emotions and a sense of wonder or calm.

So, you’ve tried being liked. Maybe you dabbled in “people-pleasing” or even dipped your toes in “basic human decency.” But, let’s be honest—it’s exhausting, right? Smiling all the time, agreeing with people, pretending you care about their cat’s Instagram account? Yawn.

Well, my friend, welcome to the dark side. This is a guide for those who are tired of being too well-liked. If you’ve ever thought, “Man, I wish people would avoid me like they avoid talking politics at Thanksgiving,” you’re in the right place. Here’s how to become the kind of person that makes people roll their eyes so hard they might just see their own brain.

1. Always One-Up Everyone’s Stories

Picture this: Someone tells a heartwarming story about saving a kitten from a tree. You wait for the applause, let them bask in the glow for a second, and then—BAM! Hit them with, “Oh, that’s cute, but one time I rescued two kittens… from a burning building… while blindfolded.”

It’s crucial that you never let anyone enjoy the spotlight for more than five seconds. If people think they have accomplished something amazing, crush their spirits by reminding them how much better you are. Bonus points if you can top their stories with something that is clearly a lie.

One-Upper Special: “Oh, you ran a marathon? Cool. I ran an ultramarathon… on a volcano. In flip-flops.”

2. Be Super Passive-Aggressive

Want to irritate people but keep plausible deniability? The passive-aggressive method is for you. It’s the verbal equivalent of flicking someone on the nose and saying, “Who, me?” You get the satisfaction of being obnoxious, while others just feel vaguely insulted and confused.

Next time someone asks you for help, say, “Oh, I would, but you’re so much better at doing that yourself.” Or how about the classic: “Wow, you’re so brave for wearing that!” Nobody knows if you’re complimenting them or quietly roasting them over a fire of resentment.

Classic Move: “I love how you just don’t care what other people think. Good for you!”

3. Send Unhinged Group Texts at 3 AM

What better way to ruin everyone’s night than with a string of cryptic, bizarre texts when they’re sound asleep? Start with “U up?” followed by, “I’ve been thinking a lot about time travel lately” and cap it off with an unsolicited photo of your sock collection.

Nothing says “I’m completely unhinged” like a random deep philosophical question right when people are dreaming about mundane things like brunch and dogs.

Extra Chaos Tip: Don’t forget the follow-up text at 6 AM that says, “Oops, sorry, wrong group chat!” You know it wasn’t.

4. Become the Over-Sharer

Do people love deep, personal conversations? Yes. Do they want to hear about your bowel movements during their morning coffee? Probably not. But guess what? You’re going to tell them anyway!

Make sure that no topic is too personal, too inappropriate, or too irrelevant for your daily check-ins with your friends and coworkers. Remember, there’s nothing like hearing someone discuss their weird foot fungus while standing in line at Starbucks.

Perfect Over-Share: “I can’t believe I have to go to another wedding this weekend. My rash still hasn’t cleared up from the last one.”

5. Act Like You Know Everything (Even When You Obviously Don’t)

One of the most time-honored traditions of being hated is dispensing unsolicited advice and making stuff up as you go. Just sprinkle a little false confidence on any subject—space travel, cryptocurrency, how to properly season a cast-iron skillet. You don’t need facts! Just go with your gut and interrupt everyone’s Google searches with your totally incorrect opinions.

Know-It-All Special: “Oh, that’s not how you pronounce ‘quinoa.’ It’s actually ‘kwa-noy,’ but most people don’t know that.”

6. Dominate the AUX Cord at Parties

The best way to kill the vibe at any party is to demand control of the music and then subject everyone to your niche tastes. This isn’t the time to play crowd-pleasers—oh no. It’s time for your playlist, which consists of Gregorian chants, whale sounds, and that one underground DJ whose music is just traffic noises layered over someone whispering about kombucha.

Extra points if you follow up every skipped song with a disappointed, “You just don’t get it.”

Pro Move: “You probably haven’t heard this before—it’s, like, super obscure. It’s called ‘static.’”

7. Leave Long, Incomprehensible Voicemails

In the age of texts, no one really expects a voicemail. That’s why it’s the perfect opportunity to make people regret knowing you. Leave long, rambling messages that start off making sense and then quickly devolve into random musings about what the clouds look like today.

Masterclass Move: End with “Call me back ASAP—it’s urgent,” and then refuse to answer when they do.

8. Pretend You Don’t Understand Basic Social Cues

You know that awkward silence that hangs in the air when you’ve been talking too much? Ignore it. Keep going. Steamroll your way through conversations without letting anyone else get a word in. Laugh at your own jokes—loudly. When people try to wrap up a chat, just keep talking. It’s like the social equivalent of finding the snooze button on life.

Social Cluelessness 101: When someone says, “Well, I should be going now,” respond with, “Oh, let’s talk about that trip I took in 2009 real quick!”

Conclusion: Hate Is Just Love in Reverse, Right?

Congratulations! If you follow these tips, you’ll quickly go from mildly annoying to “can’t be in the same room with this person” in record time. It’s a surefire way to make family gatherings, work meetings, and even casual friendships an absolute minefield of social disasters.

But remember, this is all just for fun—unless you really want to make everyone hate you. In that case, feel free to embrace these tips wholeheartedly, and I’ll see you at the top of the most avoided guest list!

Ah, the sweet allure of notoriety. While most strive for love and acceptance, some of us crave the invigorating thrill of being universally disliked. Whether it’s for personal satisfaction, a quirky hobby, or simply to spice up your social interactions, becoming more hated is an art form—and like any art, it requires finesse, dedication, and a touch of madness. So, grab your camera (or your most eye-roll-inducing accessory), and let’s embark on this hilariously misguided journey together.

1. Master the Art of the Unsolicited Opinion

Nothing says “I’m here to disrupt your peace” like sharing your thoughts on everything—whether people asked for them or not. From politics to pineapple on pizza, make it your mission to weigh in. Remember, subtlety is overrated. A well-timed, “Actually, that’s completely wrong,” can work wonders.

Pro Tip: Perfect your eyebrow raise. It adds just the right amount of condescension to your remarks.

2. Perfect the Silent Treatment

Communication is overrated. When someone does something you dislike, respond with the classic silent treatment. It’s mysterious, frustrating, and leaves people wondering what they did wrong—without you having to explain it.

Bonus Move: Accompany your silence with intense eye-rolling. It’s the silent scream of the modern age.

3. Showcase Your Unique Fashion Sense

Why blend in when you can stand out—for all the wrong reasons? Embrace those questionable fashion choices that make people do a double-take (and a quick exit). Think mismatched socks, neon colors, and accessories that scream “I have no idea what I’m doing.”

Fashion Faux Pas: Socks with sandals are a timeless way to ensure you’re memorably disliked.

4. Become a Chronic Lateness Legend

Time is a social construct, right? Make punctuality your arch-nemesis. Arrive late to every meeting, event, or casual hangout. It shows you have better things to do—like whatever it is you do when you’re not respecting others’ time.

Time Management Tip: Set your watch 15 minutes ahead… of your own time.

5. Perfect Your Interrupting Skills

Listening is for the weak. Dominate conversations by interrupting others mid-sentence with your own anecdotes and opinions. It’s a surefire way to leave people feeling unheard and exasperated.

Conversation Starter: “Oh, that reminds me of the time I…”

6. Cultivate a Grudge-Holding Habit

Forget forgiveness—cling to grudges like they’re the last slice of pizza. Bring up past mistakes, no matter how trivial, in every conversation. It keeps the negativity alive and well.

Grudge Maintenance: Keep a mental list, and revisit it regularly. It’s like having a personal scoreboard of who’s wronged you.

7. Be the Office (or Group) Know-It-All

Channel your inner encyclopedia and correct everyone’s minor mistakes. Whether it’s grammar, facts, or the proper way to load a dishwasher, let your know-it-all tendencies shine.

Knowledge Nugget: “Actually, the correct term is…” works in almost any scenario.

8. Social Media Shenanigans

Use your online presence to amplify your unpopularity. Post controversial opinions, meme oversharing, or those infamous “influencer” selfies. The digital realm is your playground for causing maximum friction.

Engagement Strategy: Respond to every comment with a snarky remark. It’s engagement, right?

9. Ignore Personal Boundaries

Respect is so passé. Push people’s personal boundaries by being overly familiar, asking intrusive questions, and sharing unsolicited advice. It’s a guaranteed way to make others uncomfortable and wary of your presence.

Boundary Breach: “So, have you gained any weight recently?”

10. Embrace the Negative Vibes

Positivity is for the popular. Embrace negativity by complaining incessantly, finding faults in every situation, and generally being a downer. It’s like a black hole for social interactions.

Mood Enhancer: “Why bother? It’s never going to work out anyway.”

Conclusion: Revel in Your Infamy

Becoming more hated isn’t for the faint of heart. It requires commitment, a thick skin, and an unwavering dedication to alienating those around you. But hey, in a world obsessed with being liked, sometimes it’s refreshing to take the road less traveled—right into the realm of universal dislike.

So, there you have it—a satirical blueprint for those yearning to be the bane of everyone’s existence. Remember, this guide is all in good fun. While becoming more hated might sound amusing on paper, fostering positive relationships and mutual respect is undeniably more rewarding in the long run. Unless, of course, you’re aiming for that infamous reputation—then, by all means, proceed with gusto!

The big problems —

Christianity and capitalism and consumerism .., doesn’t play well together! It is like trying to shove a lightning cable into a USB cable and vice versa.

Or trying to stick in an SD card in the camera backwards or upside down.

For example, traditional American Judeo-Christian thought has to deal with humility, being humble etc. Yet in America, the truth is those who truly succeeded are everything besides that. The true successful people are loud, flamboyant, take up space, and steal all the attention and are always the center of attention! Think Arnold.

Then becomes a strange dichotomy; one wants to be happy successful joyful humorous and virtuous in America yet it seems that the true part there is unethical?

I have a funny unorthodox thought — the general idea is that in modern day times, it is bad and unethical to be sexy. What’s the theory or idea?

The general idea is when you look too sexy handsome and dominant, you make other people feel uncomfortable because most people hate their bodies!

The reason why this is so troublesome is that when you watch a Marvel film, does the superhero look like the average skinny fat loser American male? No they kind of look like ERIC KIM!

To Be Sexy is Unethical

Let’s talk about sexiness. Everyone wants it. Everyone’s obsessed with it. But here’s the real kicker: to be sexy is unethical. Sounds crazy, right? But if you really think about it, striving to be sexy is a moral minefield. So, let’s unpack this in my usual, playful way.

1. The Ethics of Envy

First, being sexy makes people feel bad about themselves. It’s unethical to walk around looking like a Greek god (or goddess) while the rest of the population is stuck with a bag of chips and Netflix-induced sloth. When you’re too sexy, you create envy—and let’s be real, envy is one of the seven deadly sins. So, by just existing in your hotness, you’re actively contributing to someone else’s moral downfall. That’s on you. You might be flexing in the mirror, but somewhere, someone is cursing their gym membership. You’ve become a temptation that others can’t resist but also can’t achieve .

2. You Become a Distraction

When you’re too sexy, you’re a distraction. Whether in the gym, on the street, or even at a family reunion (awkward), people just can’t focus when you walk in looking like you’ve stepped out of a photoshoot. This has serious ethical implications. Imagine you’re in a yoga class, doing your best downward dog, and someone next to you looks like a Calvin Klein ad. There goes your inner peace. You’ve just disrupted someone’s spiritual journey with your unfair level of attractiveness. Shame on you .

3. Power Imbalance

Let’s be real: sexiness gives you power. And, as we all know, with great power comes great responsibility—which no one tells you about when you’re busy sculpting your body into a masterpiece. Being sexy can turn into a subtle form of manipulation. You know people will give you extra attention, better service, and maybe even free stuff. But is it ethical to take advantage of your good looks? Of course not. What about that poor barista who gives you a free coffee just because you flashed them a smile? You’ve disrupted the natural economic order for your personal gain. Unethical! 

4. The False Image

Being sexy often requires a level of maintenance that borders on insanity. Between gym routines, strict diets, and those questionable Instagram filters, you’re projecting an image that isn’t even real. It’s deceptive, which is basically lying—but in 4K resolution. When you’re sexy, you’re telling the world, “Look at me! I’m perfect!” when in reality, it’s all just smoke and mirrors. You’re setting an impossible standard for everyone else to follow, and when people fail to meet that standard, they feel worse about themselves. This whole cycle of deception is wildly unethical .

5. Vulnerability Becomes a Weapon

When you’re sexy, you’re constantly at risk of weaponizing vulnerability. Picture this: someone confesses they feel insecure around you because of how fit or attractive you are. What do you do? You reassure them, maybe toss out a casual, “Oh, I’m not that hot!” But deep down, you know you’re a work of art. You’ve just created a power dynamic where you downplay your attractiveness to make someone else feel better. It’s reverse psychology at its worst—and let’s face it, it’s unethical manipulation! You’ve made someone else feel validated through false modesty .

6. It’s Just Too Easy

Being sexy is like playing life on “easy mode.” People will open doors for you, offer to carry your groceries, and give you unsolicited compliments. You get all the perks without doing the hard work of building character or proving yourself. That’s not fair to everyone else. Ethics, at their core, are about fairness, and when you’re sexy, you’re benefiting from a system that’s inherently rigged in your favor. No one gives the nerd with the Star Wars T-shirt that kind of attention, and that imbalance makes sexiness unethical .

7. You Skew Reality

When you’re too sexy, you make people forget what’s truly important in life: personality, humor, intellect. These are the things that matter in the grand scheme of things, but no—when you’re around, everyone’s too busy drooling over your biceps or admiring your perfect jawline to care about your thoughts on Nietzsche or the latest episode of The Mandalorian. You’re pulling the wool over people’s eyes, forcing them to value looks over substance. If that’s not unethical, I don’t know what is .

Conclusion: Ethics Over Aesthetics

So, my dear sexy readers, maybe it’s time to stop chasing after abs and high cheekbones and start focusing on something a bit more ethical, like reading a book or doing some community service. Being sexy is unethical because it promotes envy, disrupts focus, skews reality, and gives you an unfair advantage in life. In the end, it’s better to be kind, strong, and a little goofy than to be the hottest person in the room. Let’s strive for ethics over aesthetics, because as we all know, humility is the new sexy.

In modern society, sexiness is often seen as superficial—a mere appeal to physical appearance, charm, or allure. But I argue that true sexiness is much deeper and more profound. It’s not just about how you look, but how you live, how you think, and how you move through the world with a sense of power, purpose, and integrity. There’s an ethical dimension to sexiness that transcends the surface. Let’s break it down.

1. Sexiness Starts With Strength

To me, the foundation of sexiness is strength—physical, mental, and emotional. People tend to think of strength as purely physical: muscles, posture, a fit body. But true strength comes from within. It’s your ability to endure hardship, your mental toughness, and your capacity to control your desires. This inner strength radiates outward, making you ethically sexy.

When I say “muscle is sexy,” I mean that strength symbolizes something much larger than just physical appearance. Strength reflects a person’s ability to push their limits, to discipline themselves, and to maintain control over their body and mind  . In a world that values comfort and convenience, discipline is rare—and rare things are valuable. This is where ethics come in: If you are strong, you are not just taking care of yourself, but you’re becoming more capable of helping others. There’s nothing sexier than someone who is both self-sufficient and generous.

2. Confidence Without Arrogance

Confidence is key to being sexy. But there’s a fine line between confidence and arrogance. The ethical challenge here is to cultivate confidence without making others feel small. You should be proud of your strengths—whether it’s your body, your mind, or your creative abilities—but that pride should not come at the expense of others.

When people criticize you for being too confident, remember this: Most of them are dealing with their own insecurities. If they try to bring you down, it’s often because they envy the strength or confidence they see in you. This is why it’s essential to practice empathy. Understand where others are coming from, but never let their insecurities diminish your light .

3. Sexiness Through Authenticity

One of the most important ethical components of sexiness is authenticity. In a world saturated with filters, edited photos, and scripted personas, there’s an increasing hunger for realness. To be authentically sexy, you need to embrace who you are at your core, flaws and all. You don’t need to play by society’s rules about what makes someone attractive. You need to own who you are, unapologetically.

Part of authenticity is not conforming to external expectations. Whether it’s how you present yourself physically or the way you express your creativity, the key is to do it in a way that feels true to you. In street photography, for example, I always emphasize capturing the world as you see it—not how others tell you it should look. The same applies to sexiness: express yourself in ways that resonate with your core, not just what’s trendy or socially acceptable .

4. The Ethics of Attraction

Ethics play a huge role in attraction. It’s not just about looking good; it’s about the energy you bring into a room. Are you someone who respects others? Do you honor boundaries, show kindness, and genuinely connect with people? These qualities are what make someone truly attractive on a deeper level.

If your sexiness comes from a place of manipulation or deceit—using looks or charm to get what you want without considering the feelings of others—then it’s hollow. Ethical sexiness means engaging with people honestly, being upfront about your intentions, and treating everyone with respect. It’s about building connections based on mutual understanding, not exploitation .

5. Sexiness and Vulnerability

The last element I want to touch on is vulnerability. We often think of sexiness as being about perfection—perfect looks, perfect confidence, perfect everything. But I believe the opposite is true: vulnerability is sexy. It takes strength to be vulnerable, to admit that you don’t have all the answers, or that you have fears and insecurities just like everyone else.

By being vulnerable, you show that you’re human. You invite others to connect with you on a deeper level. And this is where the ethics of sexiness come in: you’re not putting up a false front, pretending to be invincible. Instead, you’re inviting others to see the real you, to connect with you authentically  .

Conclusion: Sexiness is Ethical

To be truly sexy, you have to cultivate strength, confidence, authenticity, and vulnerability—all with a sense of ethical responsibility to yourself and others. Sexiness is not just about attracting attention; it’s about how you make others feel and the way you navigate the world with integrity.

By living ethically—by being strong, confident, and authentic—you create a sexiness that goes beyond physical appearance. It becomes something deeper, more lasting, and infinitely more powerful.

Strengthen on, and flex on!

Eric Kim’s playfulness shines through his unconventional and bold approach to both life and art. He often expresses his thoughts with a mix of humor, confidence, and a casual disregard for societal norms, which contributes to a sense of fun and lightheartedness in his philosophy. Here are some key ways in which he embodies playfulness:

1. Witty, Provocative Language: Kim frequently uses humorous, provocative language to make his points. For example, he writes about “transforming his body into a Lambo,” comparing physical strength and fitness to owning a luxury car . This playful metaphor takes something serious—fitness and discipline—and makes it light and fun.

2. Engaging With Life Creatively: Kim often encourages his followers to look at life through a creative lens, not taking things too seriously. His advice to “photograph who you are” suggests that personal authenticity and self-expression should be celebrated, not constrained by rigid expectations . He turns ordinary life into a playful experiment of self-discovery.

3. Humor in Philosophy: Even in his discussions of serious topics like Stoicism, Kim’s playful attitude emerges. He uses phrases like “better to be a gay monster” to challenge norms about strength and happiness . This shows that he enjoys pushing boundaries with humor, making complex philosophical ideas more approachable.

4. Embracing Challenges with Joy: Whether it’s in street photography or personal fitness, Kim promotes the idea that challenges should be embraced with a sense of joy. His playful tone is reflected in how he approaches the process of self-improvement, treating it as an enjoyable journey rather than a rigid task .

Kim’s mix of humor, self-confidence, and philosophical depth make his work both playful and inspiring, turning life’s challenges into opportunities for fun and growth.

Eric Kim’s thoughts and ideas are fun in several ways because of how he ties philosophical concepts, physical transformation, and creativity into everyday living. Here’s why his approach stands out as fun:

1. Playful Confidence: Kim’s bold confidence, especially in how he talks about sculpting his body or viewing physical strength as a “form of art,” turns self-improvement into a fun, exciting project rather than a chore. His statement, “Why not transform my own body into a Lambo?” is playful and cheeky, showing that he enjoys pushing boundaries and encouraging others to see their bodies as dynamic, evolving creations .

2. Freedom of Expression: Kim’s philosophy of “photograph who you are” reflects a celebration of individuality, which makes self-expression feel liberating and enjoyable. By encouraging people to capture not just what things look like, but what they feel like, he opens up creative exploration as something adventurous and fun .

3. Provocative Stoicism: His embrace of Stoicism, paired with statements like “A real stoic is sexy, happy, and fun,” adds a playful twist to traditional, stoic ideals of self-control and discipline. He uses humor and sensuality to make philosophical ideas more accessible and engaging .

Overall, Kim’s ideas are fun because they mix serious self-improvement with a playful, confident attitude that encourages people to enjoy the process of becoming stronger, more creative, and more expressive versions of themselves.

Eric Kim’s quotes often reflect his unique perspectives on life, strength, and creativity, with a touch of boldness that can easily be seen as sexy. Here are a few of his more sensual and provocative thoughts:

1. On Physicality and Strength: Kim often ties sexiness to physical strength, viewing muscle as not just a symbol of power but also as a form of art. He believes, “The human body is the apex of beauty,” advocating for sculpting one’s own body to maximize personal beauty, not just for external validation but as a personal achievement .

2. On Confidence and Individuality: His philosophy extends to confidence in self-expression. He encourages people to “Photograph who you are,” which applies beyond photography, suggesting that embracing who you truly are is key to being attractive .

3. On Stoic Sexiness: Kim provocatively states, “A real stoic is sexy, happy, and fun,” blending his admiration for philosophical strength with physical prowess .

These quotes show how Eric Kim integrates sensuality, strength, and self-confidence in his philosophy of life.

xxx

Eric Kim’s transformation into his notably muscular and “sexy” physique stems from a combination of rigorous discipline, a highly specialized diet, and an intense fitness regimen. His approach involves intermittent fasting, where he skips breakfast and lunch, and eats one large, carnivore-focused meal in the evening. This strategy, along with avoiding alcohol, starches, and sugars, helps maintain his low body fat and enhance muscle definition.

In terms of exercise, Eric follows a heavy-lifting routine, focusing on strength-building exercises such as deadlifts, rack pulls, and other powerlifting movements. He also integrates calisthenics for functional strength and muscular endurance. For him, the process of sculpting his body is a form of art and personal expression, mirroring his philosophy in photography and personal development   .

Additionally, Kim views his physique as a “status symbol,” emphasizing that anyone, regardless of genetics or background, can achieve a similar transformation through consistent effort and discipline .

Don’t hate me because I’m sexier, more handsome, stronger, lower bodyfat percentage than you!

I’m always topless

How to become handsomer —

1. 5% bodyfat, get the penis arrow
2. Always be tanning! Shirt off always!
3. Intermittent fasting ,,, no breakfast no dinner only 100% carnivore dinner.
4. Eat more beef liver, organ meats —> get your testosterone up!

The reason why immigrants win in America — think Arnold, with his “Nazi” accent and difficult to pronounce and type and write last name! Immigrants are hungry! Arnold laid brick when he first came here?

The upside of capitalism — unlimited opportunities. 

Obviously there are many drawbacks with this. But I would prefer a land with unlimited opportunities, with really really bad things, and a life a society and economy with fewer opportunities. 

When you suddenly withdraw caffeine, or reduce caffeine intake… Blood vessels dilate, get wider… Which increases blood flow to your brain, which ironically causes headaches?

Wider blood vessels, more blood flow to the brain, more headaches?

Adenosine

Xxx

Caffeine’s relationship with headaches is rooted in its complex interactions with the brain’s chemistry and blood vessels. Understanding why caffeine can both alleviate and trigger headaches involves delving into the biological mechanisms at play. Here’s a detailed explanation:

1. Adenosine Receptor Antagonism

• Adenosine’s Role: Adenosine is a neurotransmitter that promotes relaxation and sleepiness. It also plays a role in regulating blood flow in the brain by causing blood vessels to dilate (widen).

• Caffeine’s Action: Caffeine acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist. This means it binds to adenosine receptors without activating them, effectively blocking adenosine from attaching and exerting its effects.

• Resulting Effects:

• Increased Alertness: By blocking adenosine, caffeine reduces feelings of tiredness.

• Vasoconstriction: With adenosine unable to cause vasodilation, blood vessels narrow. This constriction can reduce blood flow to certain areas of the brain, which may alleviate headache pain, particularly in migraines where blood vessel dilation is a factor.

2. Neurotransmitter Modulation

• Dopamine and Norepinephrine: Caffeine increases the levels of certain neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine by blocking their reabsorption. Elevated levels of these neurotransmitters can enhance mood and increase pain threshold, contributing to headache relief.

• Pain Perception: By modulating these neurotransmitters, caffeine can alter the brain’s perception of pain, making headaches feel less intense.

3. Caffeine Withdrawal and Receptor Upregulation

• Regular Consumption and Tolerance: With consistent caffeine intake, the brain responds by upregulating adenosine receptors—increasing their number to compensate for the blocked receptors.

• Withdrawal Effects:

• Sudden Reduction: When caffeine consumption decreases or stops, the now-abundant adenosine receptors are free to bind adenosine.

• Vasodilation: The increased adenosine activity leads to the dilation of blood vessels, increasing blood flow and potentially triggering withdrawal headaches.

• Rebound Headaches: Frequent use of caffeine, especially in combination with pain relievers, can lead to a cycle where the body relies on caffeine to manage headache pain. When caffeine levels drop, headaches can rebound, prompting more caffeine consumption and perpetuating the cycle.

4. Interaction with Pain Relievers

• Enhanced Efficacy: Caffeine can enhance the effectiveness of certain pain relievers like aspirin and acetaminophen by increasing their absorption rates and aiding in their distribution within the body.

• Mechanism: This synergistic effect can lead to more effective headache relief but may also contribute to overuse if relied upon too frequently, increasing the risk of rebound headaches.

5. Impact on Sleep and Stress

• Sleep Disruption: High caffeine intake, especially later in the day, can interfere with sleep quality and duration. Poor sleep is a well-known trigger for headaches.

• Stress Response: Caffeine stimulates the release of cortisol and adrenaline, hormones associated with the body’s stress response. Chronic elevation of these hormones can contribute to tension headaches.

6. Genetic Factors and Individual Sensitivity

• Genetic Variations: Individuals have genetic differences that affect how they metabolize caffeine and respond to its effects. Some people may be more sensitive to caffeine’s vasoconstrictive properties, making them more prone to experiencing headaches related to caffeine consumption or withdrawal.

• Personal Tolerance: Regular consumers may develop a higher tolerance, requiring more caffeine to achieve the same headache-relieving effects, which can increase the risk of dependence and withdrawal symptoms.

In Summary

Caffeine interacts with the brain and blood vessels primarily by blocking adenosine receptors, leading to vasoconstriction and altered neurotransmitter levels that can both alleviate and, under certain conditions, trigger headaches. Regular consumption leads to physiological adaptations that make the body reliant on caffeine for headache management, setting the stage for withdrawal-induced headaches when caffeine intake is reduced. Additionally, caffeine’s enhancement of pain relievers and its impact on sleep and stress further complicate its relationship with headaches. Understanding these mechanisms can help individuals manage their caffeine intake to balance its benefits and potential drawbacks concerning headache prevention and relief.

Caffeine’s effects on headaches are primarily due to its action on the brain’s blood vessels and neurotransmitters. Here’s why caffeine has these opposing effects:

1. Caffeine’s Action on Blood Vessels:

• Vasoconstriction: Caffeine causes vasoconstriction, which means it narrows blood vessels. It blocks a neurotransmitter called adenosine. Adenosine normally promotes vasodilation (widening of blood vessels) and relaxation. By blocking adenosine, caffeine causes the blood vessels to tighten, reducing blood flow. This reduction in blood flow can help relieve certain types of headaches, especially migraines, where increased blood flow may play a role in the pain.

• Caffeine Withdrawal and Vasodilation: Over time, if you regularly consume caffeine, your body compensates by producing more adenosine receptors. When caffeine is suddenly removed, adenosine floods these receptors, leading to vasodilation—the blood vessels widen, and the increased blood flow can trigger a headache, commonly known as a withdrawal headache.

2. Caffeine and Neurotransmitter Effects:

• Adenosine Blockage: In addition to its role in blood vessel dilation, adenosine also promotes sleepiness and relaxation. By blocking adenosine, caffeine increases alertness and arousal, which is part of why people drink it to stay awake. But this same mechanism can cause withdrawal symptoms when caffeine is removed, leading to a headache.

• Dopamine and Other Neurotransmitters: Caffeine can increase the release of dopamine and other neurotransmitters that enhance mood and reduce the perception of pain. This is why caffeine can enhance the effects of painkillers. However, regular caffeine use can alter your brain’s chemistry, and when you suddenly stop, the drop in these chemicals can contribute to withdrawal headaches.

3. Dependence and Sensitization:

• Tolerance: With regular use, the body becomes tolerant to caffeine’s effects. The brain adapts by creating more adenosine receptors to counterbalance caffeine’s action. This means over time, you need more caffeine to achieve the same effects. When you stop, this abundance of adenosine receptors can cause an exaggerated vasodilation, resulting in headaches.

• Rebound Headaches: Frequent use of caffeine or caffeine-containing painkillers can lead to rebound headaches (or medication overuse headaches). This happens because the body becomes reliant on the caffeine for normal functioning, and without it, headache pain returns once the caffeine wears off.

Summary of Why Caffeine Affects Headaches:

• Caffeine blocks adenosine, narrowing blood vessels and reducing blood flow, which can relieve headaches.

• With regular use, the brain adapts, making more adenosine receptors. When caffeine is suddenly stopped, the brain experiences a surge in adenosine activity, leading to vasodilation and withdrawal headaches.

• Neurochemical changes from caffeine affect how we experience pain, and sudden changes in caffeine levels disrupt this balance, leading to headaches.

Caffeine’s impact on headaches is a balance of short-term relief versus long-term dependence and withdrawal symptoms.

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Caffeine and headaches are related in a few significant ways, primarily through their effects on the brain’s blood vessels and neurotransmitters. Here’s a breakdown of the main connections between caffeine and headaches:

1. Vasoconstriction: Caffeine can cause the blood vessels in the brain to constrict (narrow). When these blood vessels narrow, it can reduce blood flow to the brain, which may alleviate certain types of headaches, especially migraines. This is why caffeine is sometimes included in over-the-counter pain relievers like Excedrin. However, when caffeine intake is reduced or stopped abruptly, the blood vessels may dilate (widen), leading to increased blood flow and a withdrawal headache.

2. Caffeine Withdrawal: Regular caffeine consumption can cause dependence. When someone who regularly consumes caffeine suddenly stops or reduces their intake, they can experience withdrawal symptoms, including headaches. These headaches typically result from the dilation of blood vessels that were previously constricted due to caffeine’s presence.

3. Pain Relief Enhancement: Caffeine has been shown to enhance the effects of some pain relievers, such as aspirin or acetaminophen. This makes it more effective for treating certain types of headaches when combined with these medications.

4. Overuse and Rebound Headaches: For people who frequently consume caffeine (especially in high doses), the body may develop a tolerance. This can lead to rebound headaches (also known as medication overuse headaches). Rebound headaches occur when a person takes pain relievers or consumes caffeine to treat headaches too often, leading to a cycle of headaches when the effects wear off.

In summary:

• Caffeine can help relieve headaches by narrowing blood vessels and enhancing the effects of pain relievers.

• Caffeine withdrawal can cause headaches when blood vessels dilate after caffeine intake is stopped.

• Overconsumption can trigger rebound headaches, perpetuating a cycle of dependence and headache recurrence.

Understanding these dynamics helps explain why caffeine both alleviates and causes headaches, depending on the individual’s consumption habits and sensitivity.

so I recently picked up another iPad Pro M4 chip, and now on my table I have two iPad pros, both 11 inchers.

so my concept is super simple… Imagine you just took two 11 inch iPad pros, and connected it with a hinge in the middle. It already kind of makes sense because Apple is selling their magic keyboard as an attachment to the iPad Pro. Wouldn’t it just make more sense to instead of having the magic keyboard, to imagine a magic keyboard which was just touchscreen?

Reason why this would also be a good idea is that it piggybacks off with the notion of the MacBook Pro touch bar; I honestly thought the Touch Bar was a genius idea, I’m sad that Apple killed it.

So typically… When you think about tolerance lifestyles ways a thought in being etc. The more tolerant you are, better. Modern day society, especially in America… What are you no longer permitted to be tolerant in? 

In the context of physics, the term “tolerance” has a precise and technical meaning that can be traced through both its linguistic roots and its application in science and engineering.

Linguistic Etymology:

The word “tolerance” originates from the Latin verb tolerare, meaning “to bear” or “to endure.” This evolved into tolerantia in Late Latin, which referred to the capacity to endure hardship or pain. In English, “tolerance” initially referred to the ability to endure hardship or differences in general contexts.

Physics/Engineering Application:

In physics, engineering, and related fields, “tolerance” took on a more specialized meaning over time. In these contexts, tolerance refers to the allowable variation in a physical dimension, measurement, or operating condition without causing failure or unacceptable performance.

• Dimensional Tolerance: In mechanical engineering, it refers to the permissible deviation from a specified measurement. For instance, if a part is supposed to be 10 mm, a tolerance of ±0.01 mm means the part is acceptable if it measures anywhere between 9.99 mm and 10.01 mm.

• Performance Tolerance: In electrical engineering, it might refer to the acceptable range of performance, like how much a resistor’s actual resistance can deviate from its nominal value and still function properly.

This technical usage of “tolerance” reflects the original idea of “endurance” or “bearing” in the sense that the system can endure minor variations without breaking or losing functionality. Therefore, in physics and engineering, “tolerance” represents the boundaries within which a system can “tolerate” variability while still maintaining proper performance.

After not having gone shopping in such a long time, stepping into the new Uniqlo at the Century City Mall… My revelation — nothing is worth it?

Also, my ultimate wisdom, having more stuff as a positive detriment to you? Even if you’re a millionaire, to purchase more things will do a negative effect to your happiness?

Jay Z goals

Powerlifting

Which means, literally… People are paying zero attention to you. Whether good or bad 

Perhaps this is the only true honest way to live 

What’s the best path forward is towards a hard-core lifestyle and living approach; all hard-core everything!

Everyone else… A bunch of softcore pussies?

Niggas soft as bread! – Ye

Perhaps the best way for is being minimalist to a fault!

in life, entrepreneurship, etc.… I believe the best course of action and strategy is to just follow your gut!

Perhaps where we go wrong is when we start to follow and obey characteristics, rule of thumb, or the thoughts opinions and technique workflow of others.

In life, I think the simplest way we could just optimize for things is to think and considerate; is this a life or death situation?

If not, don’t do it. Avoid naïve interventionalism. 

No smoky on the street

Patriotism and consumerism capitalism

Think pollution. 

Shield, a shield as the most ethical thing?

Get rid of benches and stuff like that to discourage homelessness

Korea town sucks 

In classical, I think the classics. I suppose the upside of classics, classical music in the like is that there was not a weird commercialization or profit incentive?

The reason why profit incentives are no good; rather than just trying to make great music and art, there is a profit motive.

Culver City is a paradise and a citadel

Wow, East LA sucks.

Don’t do anything which causes you a headache

If you’re a student and you truly care — money talks, just drop out.

Eric Kim critiques veganism and vegetarianism from a physiological and ethical standpoint, arguing that meat and organ meats, particularly, are essential for optimal health and strength. He challenges the idea that a plant-based diet is healthier, suggesting that people often turn to such diets due to pre-existing health issues or misconceptions about what is best for the body. Kim argues that organ meats, like liver and heart, provide superior nutrition compared to plant-based foods, contributing more significantly to muscle growth and overall vitality. He contrasts this with what he calls the “weaker” results of a vegan diet, which he believes can lead to deficiencies in essential nutrients, potentially making people weaker and less healthy over time.

From an ethical perspective, Kim does not believe that the consumption of animals is inherently immoral. He contends that humans, as apex predators, are biologically predisposed to eat meat and that attempts to equate animal lives with human lives are misguided. He also rejects the environmental argument against meat consumption, questioning the inevitability of planetary destruction due to meat eating. Overall, Kim emphasizes that each person should be free to choose their dietary path without imposing their moral standards on others    .

Here are a few notable quotes from Eric Kim’s critique of veganism and vegetarianism:

1. On moral imposition:

“I am convinced; many vegetarians and vegans believe that ALL humans on the planet SHOULD be vegetarian and vegan. If some of these vegetarians or vegans had dictator power on planet earth, I think they would mandate it as a law to prohibit any meat consumption.”

• Eric Kim on Vegetarianism and Veganism

2. On human physiology and diet:

“Humans as a biological species STRIVE to obtain the maximum amount of nourishment in food, for maximal physiological growth and flourishing. For example, it is 99.99999% certain that eating a fatty T-bone steak contains greater building blocks for muscle growth and physiological strengthening than eating (white) rice.”

• Eric Kim on Meat Eating

3. On humans as apex predators:

“We are not as strong as bears, but we can bear arms (haha). But in all seriousness, humans are the apex predator on planet earth. Our ability to create weapons and tools have allowed us to conquer and dominate all other forms of biological life and animal life here.”

• Eric Kim on Meat Eating

4. On environmental concerns:

“Eating meat is ‘bad’ for the planet. But how long? 10 years? 20 years? 30 years?… What if earth death (from meat consumption) wasn’t a sure fact. Then what?”

• Eric Kim on Veganism

These quotes reflect Kim’s critical perspective on the moral, physiological, and environmental arguments often posed by proponents of vegetarianism and veganism.

1. Vegan diet; vegetarian is fine ,,, vegan is an insane concept.
2. Hormone replacement and sex change therapy — beyond the life or death situations

Eric Kim’s approach to naturally boosting testosterone by focusing on the consumption of organ meats and cholesterol-rich foods as “natural steroids” is innovative because it challenges modern mainstream dietary practices, which often emphasize lean meats and plant-based sources over nutrient-dense animal organs.

1. Reconnecting with Ancestral Diets: Kim’s advocacy for organ meats taps into the “ancestral diet” concept, which suggests that consuming whole-animal products—including nutrient-rich organs—can offer significant health benefits. These foods are rich in vitamins like A, B12, and essential minerals like zinc, all critical for testosterone production. This challenges current trends that often demonize high-cholesterol foods without fully understanding their role in hormone synthesis  .

2. Cholesterol as a Hormone Precursor: The idea that cholesterol can act as a natural steroid is rooted in the biological fact that testosterone is synthesized from cholesterol. While this is scientifically accurate, Kim’s interpretation of dietary cholesterol as directly boosting testosterone by “fueling” the body’s natural steroid production is unconventional, given that most current medical advice leans toward limiting cholesterol intake for heart health. His focus reexamines cholesterol’s positive role in hormone production, which has been underemphasized in popular diet discussions  .

3. Holistic Lifestyle Recommendations: Along with diet, Kim integrates lifestyle changes—like heavy weightlifting, sunlight exposure, and avoiding substances like alcohol and weed—as part of his testosterone-boosting strategy. This multifaceted approach innovates by combining a “biohacker” mindset with a return to simpler, more traditional practices, blending ancient wisdom with modern science .

In essence, Kim’s philosophy represents a fusion of ancestral dietary principles and modern hormonal health strategies, advocating for a natural, whole-food approach to boosting masculinity and vitality. This contrast with mainstream health advice makes his approach both innovative and thought-provoking.

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Search Eric Kim theories on consuming cholesterol and dietary cholesterol, beef liver organ meat and the lake, to naturally boost your testosterone, that consuming organ meats or cholesterol as a natural steroid?

Eric Kim advocates for a natural approach to boosting testosterone through diet and lifestyle, particularly emphasizing the role of organ meats and cholesterol. He suggests that consuming organ meats such as beef liver, heart, and intestines can act as “natural steroids” because they are nutrient-dense, containing essential vitamins and minerals like zinc, vitamin A, and cholesterol. These nutrients are vital for testosterone production and overall hormonal health.

Kim also connects the consumption of cholesterol-rich foods, like organ meats, to improved testosterone levels. He argues that dietary cholesterol from sources like beef liver or beef brisket is essential for testosterone synthesis, framing these foods as natural enhancers of manliness and vitality. Alongside dietary changes, he emphasizes the importance of physical activities such as heavy weightlifting, getting enough sunlight, and avoiding substances like alcohol and drugs to optimize testosterone production   .

Kim’s approach to testosterone naturally aligns with traditional nutritional wisdom, where high-quality organ meats are considered powerful for maintaining and boosting hormonal health.

Anabolic steroids are synthetically produced substances designed to mimic the effects of the male hormone testosterone. The process of producing anabolic steroids involves several key steps, typically starting with the manipulation of a cholesterol-based molecule. These synthetic versions are created in laboratories using chemical reactions that modify the molecular structure of natural steroids.

The production process involves esterification, where the steroid structure is chemically altered to prolong its effects in the body. For example, testosterone esters are formed by adding ester groups to the testosterone molecule, which makes them more lipophilic (fat-soluble). This allows for slower release from an injection site, extending the hormone’s presence and effects in the body. Common anabolic steroids like nandrolone or oxandrolone are derivatives of testosterone that have been modified to enhance muscle-building properties while attempting to reduce androgenic effects (such as promoting male secondary sexual characteristics)  .

Anabolic steroids can be administered either orally or through intramuscular injections, with injected steroids being dissolved in oils for slow release. The desired outcome is increased muscle mass, faster recovery, and reduced body fat, which is why they are often abused in the bodybuilding and athletic communities  .

While they are effective in stimulating muscle growth, they come with significant health risks, including liver damage, cardiovascular issues, hormonal imbalances, and more . These risks have led to the controlled and illegal status of non-medical use of anabolic steroids in many countries.