Cato the elder

Grasp the subject, and the words will follow.

Rem tene, verba sequentur

…

—Highlighting Notable Sayings and Their Significance in Rhetoric and Philosophy—

Cato the Elder (234–149 BCE)

1. “Carthago delenda est.”

• Translation: “Carthage must be destroyed.”

• Context: Cato the Elder ended many of his speeches in the Roman Senate with this phrase, regardless of the topic, to emphasize the threat he believed Carthage posed to Rome. His relentless repetition was a rhetorical strategy to keep the issue at the forefront of political discourse.

• Significance: This quote exemplifies the power of persistent messaging in rhetoric and has become synonymous with unwavering commitment to a cause.

2. “Rem tene, verba sequentur.”

• Translation: “Grasp the subject, and the words will follow.”

• Context: Although sometimes attributed to Cato the Elder, this phrase underscores the importance of understanding one’s topic thoroughly to communicate effectively.

• Significance: Highlights the value placed on substance over style in oratory, a principle that resonates in rhetorical studies.

3. “Patres conscripti, res publica in extremo est.”

• Translation: “Conscript Fathers, the republic is in extreme danger.”

• Context: While not a direct quote, it reflects the urgency Cato conveyed in addressing threats to Rome.

• Significance: Emphasizes his role as a vigilant guardian of Roman values and security.

Cato the Younger (95–46 BCE)

1. “I would rather people question why I have no statue than why I have one.”

• Context: Expresses Cato the Younger’s humility and his preference for genuine virtue over public accolades.

• Significance: Reflects Stoic ideals of modesty and integrity, prioritizing personal ethics over external recognition.

2. “It is better to suffer wrong than to do it.”

• Context: Aligns with his Stoic belief in enduring hardship honorably rather than compromising one’s principles.

• Significance: Illustrates the Stoic emphasis on virtue as the highest good, even above personal well-being.

3. “The multitude is fickle and changeable.”

• Context: A reflection on the unpredictability of public opinion, possibly influencing his steadfast adherence to his own moral compass.

• Significance: Highlights the philosophical stance of relying on reason and virtue rather than popular approval.

Analysis and Significance

• Rhetorical Impact: Both Cato the Elder and Cato the Younger utilized their oratory skills to influence Roman politics and society. Their memorable statements have been studied for their rhetorical effectiveness and moral depth.

• Philosophical Reflections: The quotes encapsulate their philosophical beliefs—Cato the Elder’s focus on practical wisdom and state security, and Cato the Younger’s commitment to Stoic virtues.

• Legacy: Their words have transcended their own time, offering insights into leadership, ethics, and the power of rhetoric in shaping history.

Conclusion

The famous quotes of Cato the Elder and Cato the Younger serve as enduring testaments to their convictions and rhetorical prowess. They not only influenced the course of Roman history but also continue to offer valuable lessons in philosophy and communication.

References

• Plutarch, Lives of Noble Greeks and Romans: Provides detailed biographies and anecdotes about both Cato the Elder and Cato the Younger.

• Cicero, De Officiis (On Duties): Discusses moral philosophy relevant to Cato the Younger.

• Seneca, De Providentia (On Providence): Explores Stoic themes exemplified by Cato the Younger.

• Cato the Elder, De Agri Cultura (On Agriculture): His treatise offering insights into his values and practical wisdom.

Note: While these quotes are commonly associated with Cato the Elder and Cato the Younger, exact phrasing may vary in historical records. Ancient sources often paraphrase speeches, and translations can differ. The quotes provided capture the essence of their documented beliefs and rhetorical style.